November 17th, 2008 by Manny, Director of Web Content and Promotion
A loanword is a word used directly from another language with little or no translation. Such foreign words and phrases are peppered throughout the English language.
Every kind of English writing, from poetry collections and cook books, to newspapers and magazines, contains thousands of words that have been adopted from foreign languages by writers constantly in search of le mot juste.
I asked our resident linguists and translators to name a few of their favorites, and we came up with the following list of top 20 foreign loanwords used by English speakers:
Le Mot Juste[French]
The most appropriate word.
Schadenfreude[German]
The pleasure one takes from someone else’s misfortune.
Modus Operendi[Latin]
Someone’s habits or method of operating (often used by police investigators to describe someone’s criminal profile, or MO)
Hoi Polloi[Greek]
The many, or the masses. Usually used in a derogatory sense to refer to ‘common people’ vs. the ‘upper-crust’ of society.
Faux pas[French]
The violation of a commonly accepted social rule, a blunder like a gaffe.
Poshlust[Russian]
From the Russian word, poshlost, meaning ‘petty, trivial and vulgar’, it was re-branded by Vladimir Nabokov to mean ‘trashy, falsely clever, and falsely beautiful’.
Kitschy[German, or Yiddish]
The quality of being lowbrow, tacky, or in bad taste, usually used in reference to art or decorations.
Bric-a-brac[French]
A miscellaneous collection of small decorative objects, otherwise known as souvenirs, bobbles or trinkets.
Aficionado[Spanish]
An ardent admirer or fan of something.
Doppelgänger[German]
A double, or look-alike person, often with negative connotations since some people believe that seeing your own doppelgänger is an omen of impending death.
L’enfant terrible[French]
A child who says or does really embarrassing things, or, a successful adult whose achievements were executed in an unorthodox way.
Basmati[Hindi]
Something with a pleasant aroma, fragrant. In English, it is usually used along with ‘rice’ to refer to the Indian dish.
Prima donna[Italian]
Literally, ‘first lady’ as in the principal female singer in an opera, but usually used to refer to a spoiled, ill-tempered person.
Mea culpa[Latin]
Literally, ‘my own fault’. Usually used by a person who is admitting guilt for some wrong-doing.
Quid pro quo[Latin]
Literally, ’something for something’. Often used in place of ‘you scratch my back and I’ll scratch yours’ or during negotiations to ask, ‘what’s in it for me?’.
Nouveau riche[French]
Newly rich. Usually used in a derogatory sense to refer to someone who uses newly-earned wealth to purchase kitschy things.
Alter ego[Latin]
An ‘other self’. Used to describe the other personality of a person who leads a double life.
Zeitgeist[German]
The spirit of the times. Used to describe things in the socio-cultural air, like trends or ideas that describe an era.
Samurai[Japanese]
The military class that served the nobility in pre-industrial Japan. Pop-culture has taught English speakers to equate samurai with physically strong, somewhat ascetic, undyingly loyal heroes, though the factual history is more nuanced.
Ménage à trois[French]
A household of three. Usually, an arrangement where three people share a sexual relationship.
Taco[Spanish]
The traditional Mexican dish made from a corn or wheat tortilla filled with just about anything your heart desires and eaten out of hand; Perhaps, the perfect food?
Εμφάνιση αναρτήσεων με ετικέτα spanish. Εμφάνιση όλων των αναρτήσεων
Εμφάνιση αναρτήσεων με ετικέτα spanish. Εμφάνιση όλων των αναρτήσεων
2 Δεκ 2008
Top 10 Tongue Twisters in Translation
December 1st, 2008 by Maria, Contributing Writer
Tongue twisters are designed to be difficult to articulate, and they are nearly impossible to translate in a way that keeps the playful challenge intact. Nevertheless, they are fun to say in every language. Here is a collection of our top tongue twisters from across the globe…
FRENCH
Un pâtissier qui pâtissait chez un tapissier qui tapissait, dit un jour au tapissier qui tapissait: vaut-il mieux pâtisser chez un tapissier qui tapisse ou tapisser chez un pâtissier qui pâtisse?
(A pastry chef who made pastries at the house of a tapestry maker who made tapestries, said one day to the tapestry maker who made tapestries: is it better to make pastries at a tapestry maker’s who makes tapestries or to make tapestries at a pastry chef’s who makes pastries?)
SPANISH
Si yo como como como,y tu comes como comes.¿Cómo comes como como?Si yo como como como.
(If I eat like I eat, and you eat like you eat, how do you eat like I eat, if I eat like I eat.)
El amor es una locuraque solo el cura lo cura,pero el cura que lo curacomete una gran locura.
(Love is a madness that only a priest can cure, but the priest who cures it commits a great madness.)
ITALIAN
Pio Pietro Paolo Pula pittore Palermitano, pinse pittura per poco prezzo. Prepotenti popolo pagate presto Pio Pietro Paolo Pula per partire per Palermo propria patria.
(Pio Pietro Paolo Pula, an artist from Palermo, paints a painting for little money. You haughty people, pay Pio Pietro Paolo Pula promptly so he’ll leave for Palermo, his hometown.)
Sopra la panca la capra campa, sotto la panca la capra crepa.
(On the top of the bench, the goat lives, below the bench, the goat dies.)
PORTUGUESE
O rato roeu a roupa do rei de Roma. A rainha de raiva roeu o resto.
(The rat chewed the clothes of the King of Rome. The angry queen chewed the rest.)
GERMAN
Bismarck biss Mark, bis Mark Bismarck biss.
(Bismarck bit Mark until Mark bit Bismarck.)
Biedere brave Bierbauerburschen bereiten beständig bitteres braunes bayrisches Bier.
(Bold and brave beer brewers always prepare bitter, brown, Bavarian beer.)
DUTCH
Als vliegen vliegen vliegen vliegen vliegensvlug.
(When flies fly flies fly fly-fast.)
Lientje leerde Lotje lopen langs de lange lindelaan.
(Along the long lime-tree lane, Lientje taught Lotje how to walk.)
NORWEGIAN
Fule fluers fugleflukt flyr fluksens flott.
(Foul flies’ bird-flight fly darn great.)
Fisker’n Finn fiska fersk fisk forige fredag.
(Finn the Fisher fished fresh fish last Friday.)
RUSSIAN
Карл у Клары украл кораллы, а Клара у Карла украла кларнет.(Karl stole corals from Klara and Klara stole a clarinet from Karl.)
Шла Саша по шоссе и сосала сушку.(Sasha walked along the avenue sucking on a cracker.)
SWEDISH
Sju sjösjuka sjömän sköttes av sju skönsjungande sjuksköterskor på det sjunkande skeppet Shanghai.(Seven seasick sailors were taken care of by seven beautifully singing nurses on the sinking ship Shanghai.)
Ö, ö,Hö ö,Hö ös mö.(Island, island, grassy island, grassy island’s bride)
And another one in German:
“Fischer Fritz fischt frische Fische, frische Fische fischt Fischer Fritz”
(fisherman Fritz is fishing fresh fishes, fresh fishes is fishing fisherman Fritz)
Tongue twisters are designed to be difficult to articulate, and they are nearly impossible to translate in a way that keeps the playful challenge intact. Nevertheless, they are fun to say in every language. Here is a collection of our top tongue twisters from across the globe…
FRENCH
Un pâtissier qui pâtissait chez un tapissier qui tapissait, dit un jour au tapissier qui tapissait: vaut-il mieux pâtisser chez un tapissier qui tapisse ou tapisser chez un pâtissier qui pâtisse?
(A pastry chef who made pastries at the house of a tapestry maker who made tapestries, said one day to the tapestry maker who made tapestries: is it better to make pastries at a tapestry maker’s who makes tapestries or to make tapestries at a pastry chef’s who makes pastries?)
SPANISH
Si yo como como como,y tu comes como comes.¿Cómo comes como como?Si yo como como como.
(If I eat like I eat, and you eat like you eat, how do you eat like I eat, if I eat like I eat.)
El amor es una locuraque solo el cura lo cura,pero el cura que lo curacomete una gran locura.
(Love is a madness that only a priest can cure, but the priest who cures it commits a great madness.)
ITALIAN
Pio Pietro Paolo Pula pittore Palermitano, pinse pittura per poco prezzo. Prepotenti popolo pagate presto Pio Pietro Paolo Pula per partire per Palermo propria patria.
(Pio Pietro Paolo Pula, an artist from Palermo, paints a painting for little money. You haughty people, pay Pio Pietro Paolo Pula promptly so he’ll leave for Palermo, his hometown.)
Sopra la panca la capra campa, sotto la panca la capra crepa.
(On the top of the bench, the goat lives, below the bench, the goat dies.)
PORTUGUESE
O rato roeu a roupa do rei de Roma. A rainha de raiva roeu o resto.
(The rat chewed the clothes of the King of Rome. The angry queen chewed the rest.)
GERMAN
Bismarck biss Mark, bis Mark Bismarck biss.
(Bismarck bit Mark until Mark bit Bismarck.)
Biedere brave Bierbauerburschen bereiten beständig bitteres braunes bayrisches Bier.
(Bold and brave beer brewers always prepare bitter, brown, Bavarian beer.)
DUTCH
Als vliegen vliegen vliegen vliegen vliegensvlug.
(When flies fly flies fly fly-fast.)
Lientje leerde Lotje lopen langs de lange lindelaan.
(Along the long lime-tree lane, Lientje taught Lotje how to walk.)
NORWEGIAN
Fule fluers fugleflukt flyr fluksens flott.
(Foul flies’ bird-flight fly darn great.)
Fisker’n Finn fiska fersk fisk forige fredag.
(Finn the Fisher fished fresh fish last Friday.)
RUSSIAN
Карл у Клары украл кораллы, а Клара у Карла украла кларнет.(Karl stole corals from Klara and Klara stole a clarinet from Karl.)
Шла Саша по шоссе и сосала сушку.(Sasha walked along the avenue sucking on a cracker.)
SWEDISH
Sju sjösjuka sjömän sköttes av sju skönsjungande sjuksköterskor på det sjunkande skeppet Shanghai.(Seven seasick sailors were taken care of by seven beautifully singing nurses on the sinking ship Shanghai.)
Ö, ö,Hö ö,Hö ös mö.(Island, island, grassy island, grassy island’s bride)
And another one in German:
“Fischer Fritz fischt frische Fische, frische Fische fischt Fischer Fritz”
(fisherman Fritz is fishing fresh fishes, fresh fishes is fishing fisherman Fritz)
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